LICHALP

Placynthiella icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James

Syn.: Biatora fuliginea (Ach.) Fr., Biatora uliginosa (Schrad.) Fr. var. fuliginea (Ach.) Fr., Lecanora terricola Ach., Lecidea fuliginea Ach., Lecidea icmalea Ach., Lecidea trachylina Nyl., Lecidea uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach. var. fuliginea (Ach.) Link, Pannularia perfurfurea Nyl., Parmeliella perfurfurea (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Placynthiella perfurfurea (Nyl.) Gyeln., Saccomorpha icmalea (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux

Lichenised.

Substrate: lignum, living mosses, plant debris, bark, acidic soil (mostly on siliceous substrata)

Altitudinal range: from the submediterranean/colline belt (potential vegetation: mixed deciduous forests dominated by Quercus and Carpinus) to the alpine belt (potential vegetation: treeless Alpine grasslands and tundras, to the lower limit of perennial snow and the equilibrium line of glaciers)

Note: a widespread, mainly northern holarctic lichen found on disturbed soil, turf, decomposed lignum (common on stumps), much more rarely on acid bark, and then mostly on basal parts of trunks; widespread throughout the Alps.