Altitudinal range: from the mesomediterranean belt (potential vegetation: evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by Quercus ilex) to the submediterranean/colline belt (potential vegetation: mixed deciduous forests dominated by Quercus and Carpinus)
Note: a Mediterranean-Atlantic species found on large boulders of basic siliceous rocks, usually on surfaces near the ground or in seepage tracks, with a few records from the base of the Western Alps (France, Italy).