LICHALP

Melanohalea exasperata (De Not.) O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Divakar, Essl., D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch

Syn.: Imbricaria aspera (A. Massal.) Körb., Imbricaria aspidota (Ach.) Arnold, Melanelia exasperata (De Not.) Essl., Parmelia aspera A. Massal., Parmelia aspidota (Ach.) Poetsch, Parmelia aspidota (Ach.) Poetsch var. exasperata (De Not.) Syd., Parmelia exasperata De Not.

Lichenised.

Substrate: bark

Altitudinal range: from the mesomediterranean belt (potential vegetation: evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by Quercus ilex) to the montane belt (potential vegetation: deciduous forests dominated by Fagus sylvatica and closed coniferous forests with Picea abies)

Note: a mainly temperate to Mediterranean early coloniser of smooth bark, most common on twigs of shrubs and deciduous trees (e.g. Prunus, Quercus) below the subalpine belt; widespread throughout the Alps.