LICHALP

Hypogymnia austerodes (Nyl.) Räsänen

Syn.: Parmelia austerodes Nyl., Parmelia obscurascens (Bitter) Zahlbr., Parmelia obscurata (Ach.) Bitter non auct., Parmelia obscurata (Ach.) Bitter var. isidiata (Lynge) H. Magn.

Lichenised.

Substrate: bark, lignum, siliceous rocks

Altitudinal range: from the montane belt (potential vegetation: deciduous forests dominated by Fagus sylvatica and closed coniferous forests with Picea abies) to the subalpine belt (potential vegetation: open, taiga-like forests dominated by Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra and Rhododendron)

Note: a mainly boreal-montane, circumpolar species found on acid bark, especially of conifers, and on lignum, occasionally on siliceous rocks; perhaps most frequent in the climatically most continental parts of the Alps, with optimum near treeline.