Carbonicola myrmecina (Ach.) Bendiksby & Timdal

Syn.: Hypocenomyce castaneocinerea (Räsänen) Timdal, Lecidea myrmecina (Ach.) Fr., Lecidea scalaris (Ach.) Ach. var. myrmecina Ach., Psora cladonioides (Th. Fr.) Elenkin var. castaneocinerea Räsänen, Psora myrmecina (Ach.) Boistel, Psora ostreata Hofm. var. myrmecina (Ach.) Th. Fr.
Lichenised.
Substrate: bark, lignum
Altitudinal range: from the submediterranean/colline belt (potential vegetation: mixed deciduous forests dominated by Quercus and Carpinus) to the subalpine belt (potential vegetation: open, taiga-like forests dominated by Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra and Rhododendron)
Note: a species of the former Hypocenomyce anthracophila-group, with a thallus consisting of ascending, usually proliferating squamules reacting Pd-, the concolorous margins being sorediate, and with compound, dark-brown apothecia (but rarely fertile); lignicolous, usually on charred wood; rather common in the boreal zone, but rare in the Alps, having so far been reported only from the Western Alps (France).
France: Var;