Parmelia submontana Hale

Syn.: Parmelia bohemica Nádv. non Gyeln., Parmelia contorta Bory non (Hoffm.) Spreng., Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. var. contorta (Bory) Zahlbr.
Lichenised.
Substrate: bark
Altitudinal range: from the submediterranean/colline belt (potential vegetation: mixed deciduous forests dominated by Quercus and Carpinus) to the montane belt (potential vegetation: deciduous forests dominated by Fagus sylvatica and closed coniferous forests with Picea abies)
Note: on the trunks of old trees (mainly Fagus and Abies) in humid montane forests; widespread throughout the Alps.
Austria: Vorarlberg; Tirol; Salzburg; Kärnten; Steiermark; Oberösterreich; Niederösterreich (incl. Wien); Germany: Oberbayern; Schwaben; Switzerland: Bern; Glarus; Graubünden; Luzern; St. Gallen; Schwyz; Ticino; Uri; Unterwalden; France: Alpes-de-Haute-Provence; Alpes-Maritimes; Drôme; Isère; Haute-Savoie; Vaucluse; Var; Italy: Friuli; Veneto; Trentino Alto Adige; Valle d'Aosta; Liguria; Slovenia: Alpine and Pre-Alpine Slovenia; Trnovsky Gozd; Liechtenstein