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A Thallus habit: erect, bushy, articulated, more or less densely ramified and attached to a fixed substratum;

tab. 1

B Semiendophytic thalli (evident as globoid, raised conceptacles); 

Choreonema thuretii

C Free-living thalli: cylindrical, formed by small branches, or subspherical with lumpy protuberances (sometimes differently ramified) with lamellae or overlapping one another as:

tab. 8

D Encrusting, layered thalli with excrescences of different  shaped: knobbly, lumpy, cylindrical (simple or ramified never articulated), foliose lamellae (lying on different planes more or less vertical to the substratum) even coalescent, crested as;

tab. 13

E Encrusting, layered thalli without excrescences: epiphytic on algae (therefore even encircling the host (see m)), seagrasses, epizoic on molluscs or epilithic (on pebbles, therefore mobile with the substratum), thin, translucent (see t ) as:

tab. 28

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