Nephroma is a subcosmopolitan and rather well-known genus of c. 36 species (see e.g. Vitikainen 2007). A phylogenetic analysis by Lohtander & al. (2002) has demonstrated that all Nephroma-species form a monophyletic group, presently placed in the Nephromataceae, and that Peltigera is the sister group to Nephroma.
This key includes the eight species which are known to occur in Italy (see Nimis 2016, Timdal & al. 2021).

References

Lohtander K., Oksanen I., Rikkinen J. 2002. A phylogenetic study of Nephroma (lichen-forming Ascomycota). Mycol, Res., 106, 7: 777-787.
Nimis P.L. 2016. The Lichens of Italy. A Second Annotated Catalogue. EUT, Trieste, 739 pp.
Timdal E., Hofton T. H., Westberg M., Bendiksby M. 2021. The Nephroma helveticum complex (Peltigerales, lichenized Ascomycota) in the Nordic countries. Graphis Scripta, 33, 6: 86–110.
Vitikainen O. 2007. Nephroma. Nordic Lichen Flora, 3: 91-95.

Last modified: January, 20, 2023