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Thailand and New Caledonia (LOUWHOFF 2000).
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Medulla K+ brownish (protocetraric)
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Medulla UV-
Parmotrema platyphyllinum (Vain.) Elix
Parmotrema platyphyllinum
(Vain.) Elix, Australasian
Lichenology 42: 23 (1998).
Syn.:
Parmelia platyphyllina
Vain., Hedwigia 46: 168
(1907).
Description:
Thallus up to 10 cm wide, closely
adnate, lobes 7–11 mm wide, flat, with entire to crenate,
eciliate margins; upper surface greenish grey, strongly rugose
in the older parts; soredia and isidia absent; lower surface
black with brown margin, rhizines sparse. Cortex K+ yellow;
atranorin and chloroatranorin. Medulla K–, C–, P+ deep
orange–red; protocetraric acid. Distinguished from
P.
thailandicum
by the absence of alectoronic acid.
Ecology
and distribution:
Corticolous and rare in northern Thailand,
found in a mixed deciduous forest at 1200 m (Lamphun
Province, Doi Khun Tan National Park). More frequent
further south, but endemic to Thailand (ELIX 1998;
WOLSELEY et al. 2002).
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Medulla UV+ blue-white (alectoronic)
Parmotrema thailandicum Elix & Pooprang
Parmotrema thailandicum
Elix & Pooprang, Mycotaxon 71:
117 (1999).
Description:
Thallus to 8 cm wide, loosely adnate, lobes 6–
10 mm wide, eciliate; upper surface grey, margins entire or
crenate, becoming lobulate towards the centre; lower surface
black, margins with a broad, brown erhizinate zone, rugulose;
rhizines scattered, short. Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin and
chloroatranorin. Medulla K+ pale yellow–brown, P+ orange,
UV+ blue; alectoronic (minor), protocetraric (major) and
virensic acids (trace). Distinguished from
P. platyphyllinum
by the presence of alectoronic acid.
Ecology and
distribution:
Endemic to Thailand, corticolous in an
evergreen forest and in mixed deciduous forest at 800–1100
m, uncommon; known from Phitsanulok Province, Phu Hin
Rong Kla National Park (POOPRANG et al. 1999), and Mae
Hong Son Province, Mae Lao–Mae Sae Wildlife Sanctuary.
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Medulla C+ red (gyrophoric)
Parmotrema eunetum (Stirt.) Hale
Parmotrema eunetum
(Stirt.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 336
(1974).
Syn.:
Parmelia euneta
Stirt., Scott. Nat. 4: 298 (1877–8).
Description:
Thallus loosely attached, to 8 cm wide, with
rounded, ciliate (cilia 1–3 mm long, 9–13 mm wide lobes;
upper surface mineral grey, maculate and becoming cracked,
lacking isidia and soredia. Medulla white; lower surface
black with tan to brown marginal zone and sparse simple to
branched, short (1–2 mm long), unevenly distributed rhizines.
Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin. Medulla K–, C+ red, KC+ red,
P–; gyrophoric acid. SWINSCOW & KROG (1988) report a
K+ purple medullary pigment, not seen in Thai material.
Distinguished by the strongly maculate upper surface and
separated from
P. reticulatum
by lack of soredia.
Ecology
and distribution:
Corticolous on bark of
Prunus
and
Schima
, at 1000–1400 m in Chiang Mai Province, Muang
and Maetang Districts. Reported for W Africa and West
Indies (SWINSCOW & KROG 1988), Thailand
(WOLSELEY et al. 2002) and India (DIVAKAR & UPRETI
2005).