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Lobes linear, with parallel margins, attached only at base
Everniastrum vexans (Zahlbr. ex W.Culb. & C.Culb.) Hale ex Sipman
Everniastrum vexans
(Zahlbr. ex W.Culb. & C.Culb.) Hale
ex Sipman, Mycotaxon 26: 242 (1986).
Syn.:
Cetrariastrum vexans
Zahlbr. ex W. Culb & C. Culb,
Bryologist 84: 294 (1981).
Description:
Thallus with
flattened to subinvolute, 1–2 mm wide lobes; upper surface
isidiate with simple or branched, ± ciliate isidia; lower
surface black, brown at the tips, with long (3–4 or more mm),
abundant simple or forked rhizines usually extending to lobe
margins. Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin. Medulla K+ yellow
turning red, C–, KC-, P+ orange; salazinic acid. Readily
distinguished from
E. cirrhatum
and
E. nepalense
by the
presence of isidia.
Ecology and distribution:
Corticolous on
twigs and branches on margins of evergreen forests from
1300 to 1600 m. Pantropical, reported from the Neotropics,
India, Thailand, Java, Philippines, Taiwan, Kenya
(CULBERSON & CULBERSON 1981) and the Galapagos
Islands (ELIX & McCARTHY 2008).
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Lobes rounded to linear, but attached from lower
surface
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Lobes with marginal black cilia which are swollen at
the base
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Lobes without cilia, or with simple, eyelash-like cilia
(not swollen at the base)
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Medulla K+ yellow turning red (salazinic). Rhizines
simple or weakly and irregularly branched
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Medulla K-. Rhizines dichotomously branched
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Lower surface dark brown to black
Bulbothrix tabacina (Mont. & Bosch) Hale
Bulbothrix tabacina
(Mont. & Bosch) Hale, Phytologia 28:
481 (1974).
Syn.:
Parmelia tabacina
Mont. & Bosch, in Mont., Syll.
Gen. Sp. Crypt.: 327 (1856).
Description:
Thallus adnate, 3–
5 cm wide; lobes (1.5–)3–5 mm wide with bulbate marginal
cilia; upper surface whitish grey, ± maculate, isidia present;
lower surface black with moderately dense, rarely branched
rhizines. Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin. Medulla K+ yellow
turning red, C–, KC-, P+ orange; salazinic acid.
Distinguished from
B. isidiza
by the black rather than pale
brown lower cortex.
Ecology and distribution:
Corticolous
in an evergreen forests at c. 1000 m (Chiang Dao Wildlife
Sanctuary and Chiang Mai Province, Doi Suthep National
Park). Pantropical (ELIX 1994a; SWINSCOW & KROG
1988; DIVAKAR & UPRETI 2005); corticolous and
saxicolous.
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Lower surface pale brown
Bulbothrix isidiza (Nyl.) Hale