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Fuscopannaria dissecta
P.M. Jørg.
Thallus squamulose, forming irregular patches on a conspicuous black
hypothallus, consisting of thin, deeply dissected, up to 2 mm wide squamules
with ascending, white-margined lobes exposing the white lower surface. Upper
surface brown to reddish brown, the white edges not visible when wet.
Apothecia sessile, the disc orange brown, with a thalline margin. Spores
colourless, 1-celled. Photobiont: cyanobacterial (
Nostoc
). Spot-tests: K-, C-,
KC-, P- (two unidentified fatty acids). - Very rare, mostly found in humid
forests above 1600 m, on moss or on tree trunks, more rarely on soil and rocks.
(Nuwara Eliya).
Fuscopannaria siamensis
P.M. Jørg. & Wolseley
Thallus squamulose-foliose, forming up to 5 cm wide patches, with to 2 mm
broad marginal lobes. Upper surface brown to reddish brown, often with eroded
secondary lobules which look like soralia. Apothecia sessile, the disc orange
brown, with a thalline margin. Spores colourless, 1-celled. Photobiont:
cyanobacterial (
Nostoc
). Spot-tests: K-, C-, KC-, P-. - Rare, mostly found in
humid forest areas above 1600 m, growing together with bryophytes on tree
trunks (Horton Plains).
Glyphis
spp.
Thallus crustose, pale greenish fawn, thin, smooth, glossy. Apothecia
lirelliform, immersed in conspicuous raised white stromata. Stromata rounded,
oval or distorted-ellipsoidal, 1.5–4.0 mm wide, black with a thin white coating.
Lirellae numerous, open, initially rounded, becoming elongate and irregular in
outline, finally richly branched, crowded and covering the surface of the
stromata, 01-0.2 mm wide; disc dark reddish brown, epruinose. Proper exciple
completely carbonised and continuous in the stromata. Hymenium 120-160 µm
thick. Hypothecium black. Ascospores 8 per ascus, colourless, irregularly
biseriate, transversely 8–12-locular. Photobiont:
Trentepohlia
. Spot-tests: all
negative. - A species close to
G. cicatricosa
has been found in the Knuckles
mountain region, on bark.
Graphina
spp.
Thallus crustose, thin, effuse, white or grey to brown, smooth to rimose.
Apothecia lirelliform, elongate, immersed to prominent, simple or branched, the
disc exposed to slit-like. Thalline margin absent, but thallus sometimes pushed
up around the exciple, forming a paler rim. Exciple black, carbonised, opaque.
Asci 8-spored, more or less cylindrical, the apex thickened, I-. Spores
colourless, muriform or submuriform. Conidia ellipsod, colourless. Photobiont:
Trentepohlia
.
Graphis
spp.
Thallus crustose, usually corticolous, occasionally saxicolous, rarely sorediate.
Lirellae immersed to sessile, simple, branched or stellate, with or without a
thalline margin. Proper exciple apically, laterally or completely carbonised;
surface smooth or sulcate. Hymenium 60–200
µ
m thick, inspersed with granules
or not, I–; paraphyses unbranched. Asci clavate to subcylindrical, unitunicate, I–
. Spores 1–8 per ascus, narrowly ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, cylindrical to
fusiform, transversely septate with lenticular locules, colourless, I+ blue or blue-
violet at maturity. Chemistry. Depsidones present, rarely with lichexanthone, or
lacking lichen compounds. - This is the most species-rich genus in Sri Lanka:
over 100 species have been recorded, especially from part of the Central
Highlands and the wet zone of the Country.
