Basic HTML Version
22
reported from the Philippines, Java, Laos (HALE 1965) and
Papua New Guinea (LOUWHOFF & ELIX 1999).
42
Thallus coriaceous. Spores 12-26
µ
m long. Conidia
sublageniform
43
43
Apothecia perforate
Parmotrema maclayanum (Müll.Arg.) Hale
Parmotrema maclayanum
(Müll.Arg.) Hale, Phytologia 28:
337 (1974).
Syn.:
Parmelia maclayana
Müll. Arg., Flora, Jena 74: 376
(1891).
Description:
Thallus loosely adnate, 6–10 cm wide; lobes
irregular, rounded, 8–20 mm wide with sparsely ciliate
margins; upper surface pale grey, lacking soredia and isidia;
lower surface black with dark brown marginal zone; rhizines
simple, scattered. Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin. Medulla K–,
C–, KC+ purple, P+ red, UV+ blue-white; alectoronic and
α
–
collatolic acids, ± gyrophoric acid. Distinguished from other
emaculate species with alectoronic and/or
α
–collatolic acids
by absence of soredia, isidia and lobules, and from
P.
pancheri
by the presence of cilia.
Ecology and distribution:
Corticolous in dry dipterocarp and evergreen forests between
650 and 1600 m. Pantropical.
43
Apothecia imperforate
Parmotrema procerum (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale
Parmotrema procerum
(J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale,
Phytologia 28(4): 338 (1974).
Syn.:
Parmelia procera
J. Steiner & Zahlbr., Bot. Jahrb.
Engler, 60: 537 (1926).
Description:
Thallus loosely
attached, 10-15 cm wide; lobes up to 8-15 mm wide, margins
ascending, ciliate; upper surface pale grey, emaculate of
faintly maculate at the base of apothecia, cracked towards
centre; medulla white throughout; lower surface black to pale
brown at margins, with broad, sparsely rhizinate margins.
Apothecia to 3 cm wide, stalked, the disc imperforate. Cortex
K+ yellow; atranorin. Medulla K-, C-, KC+ red, P- , UV+
blue-white; alectoronic and
α
–collatolic acids.
Ecology and
distribution:
Reported from Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, by
HALE (1965); we have not examined the specimen. Also
known from Africa and New Caledonia.
44
Thallus with soredia (sometimes mixed with isidioid
outgrowths)
45
44
Thallus with isidia
75
45
Lobes inflated, hollow inside. Rhizines absent
46
45
Lobes thin, not hollow inside. Rhizines present
48
46
Soralia ring-shaped. Medulla KC-
Menegazzia terebrata (Hoffm.) A.Massal.
Menegazzia terebrata
(Hoffm.) A.Massal., Neagenea
Lichenum: 1, (1854).
Syn.:
Lobaria terebrata
Hoffm., Deutschl. Flora: 151,
(1796).
Description:
Thallus closely attached; lobes inflated,
hollow, 0.5–3 mm wide; upper surface grey, shiny, with
scattered round perforations and rounded, ring-shaped,
laminal to (rarely) marginal soralia; lower surface black,
wrinkled, without rhizines. Cortex K+ yellow; atranorin.
Medulla K+ yellow, C–, KC-, P+ yellow-orange, UV-;
stictic, constictic, menegazziaic and sometimes norstictic
acids. Distinguished by the inflated, hollow lobes with ring-