This annual plant with a strictly Mediterranean-Turanian distribution is present as a weed in Piedmont (Langhe), Puglia, Basilicata, Sicily and Sardinia (since a long-time no longer observed in Liguria). It grows on uncultivated ground, in dry meadows, on stony slopes, from sea level to 1300 m. The species is very rare along the edges of the temporary ponds of Sardinia. The genus name derives from the Greek 'tainia' (bandage, tape) and 'ather' (awn), in reference to the flattened awns of the spikelets; the species name refers to the shape of the inflorescence, which resembles the head of the mythical Medusa. Flowering period: April to June.

Italian name(s): (Italia), Orzo scabro (Italia), Orzo testa di medusa (Italia).