74
Parmotrema tinctorum
(Nyl.) Hale
Common name:
Palm ruffle lichen
. - Thallus foliose, corticolous or saxicolous,
loosely adnate, 5-15(-30) cm wide, the lobes broadly rounded, 10-20(-30) mm
wide, with eciliate margins. Upper surface green-grey to grey with mainly
laminal, simple to branched or lobulate isidia. Lower surface black with a brown
margin; rhizines sparse, simple. Apotecia very rare, lecanorine (not observed in
Sri Lankan material), lecanorine. Spores colourless, 1-celled. Photobiont:
chlorococcoid. Spot-tests: cortex K+ yellow: atranorin. Medulla K-, C+ red,
KC+ red, P- (lecanoric acid). - Very common on bark of mature trees and on
rocks in all sorts of habitats, with optimum in humid forests above 600 m
(Avissawella to Hatton, Kegalle to Kandy, abundant in Central Highlands,
Matale, Knuckles mountain region, Horton Plains, Pidurutalagala,
Sabaragamuwa hill range, Ratnapura, Haputale, Bandarawela, Badulla and
Nuwara Eliya).
Phaeographina
spp.
Thallus crustose, thin, effuse, white or grey to brown, smooth to rimose.
Apothecia lirelliform, elongate, immersed to prominent, simple or branched, the
disc exposed to slit-like. Thalline margin absent, but thallus sometimes pushed
up around the exciple, forming a paler rim. Exciple black, carbonised, opaque.
Asci 8-spored, more or less cylindrical, the apex thickened, I-. Spores brown,
muriform or submuriform. Conidia ellipsod, colourless. Photobiont:
Trentepohlia
.
Phaeographis
spp.
Thallus crustose, continuous or rimose, cream-coloured to brownish, dull,
sometimes mealy. Apothecia lirelliform, elongate, sometimes branched or
curved; disc open or slit-like, sometimes with a whitish pruina; excipular lips
absent or inconspicuous; thalline margin absent or thin, entire, in young
ascocarps, in older ascocarps often inconspicuous; exciple brown to black,
opaque. Hymenium hyaline. Spores brown, transversely septate, I+ red or
reddish brown Photobiont:
Trentepohlia
.
Phaeophyscia hispidula
(Ach.) Essl.
Common name:
Whiskered shadow lichens
- Thallus foliose, corticolous, up to
11 cm in diam. (but usually less), sometimes coalescing into even larger thalli,
irregular to orbicular. Lobes discrete or irregularly rounded and partly imbricate,
(1-)2-4(-6) mm broad, distinctly concave and usually ascending somewhat at the
end (rhizines of the lower surface nearly always visible and conspicuous from
above, a few along each lobe usually mounted on the lobe margin and projecting
almost straight upward). Upper surface grey to grey-brown or brown, usually
dull, epruinose, sorediate. Soredia granular to isidioid or occasionally irregularly
lobulate, sometimes primarily laminal and remaining granular, most commonly
marginal or submarginal. Lower surface black, with black, mostly simple
rhizines. Apothecia rare (not observed in Sri Lankan material), lecanorine, up to
2 mm in diam., often bearing a dense corona of rhizines along the margin.
Spores brown, 2--celled. Photobiont: chlorococcoid. Spot-tests: all negative. -
Rare on trunks of mature trees in humid forests above 1200 m (Horton Plains and Hakgala Nature Reserve).
